ANÁLISE DO POSTO DE TRABALHO DE DOCENTES DE DISCIPLINAS DE MODELAGEM DO VESTUÁRIO COM ENFOQUE NA AVALIAÇÃO POSTURAL E NA IDENTIFICAÇÃO DE PREVALÊNCIA DE DISFUNÇÕES MUSCULOESQUELÉTICAS
ANALYSIS OF THE WORKPLACE OF TEACHERS IN CLOTHING PATTERN MAKING DISCIPLINES WITH A FOCUS ON POSTURAL ASSESSMENT AND ON THE IDENTIFICATION OF THE PREVALENCE OF MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS
Jessica Schneider, Elton Moura Nickel, Marcelo Gitirana Gomes Ferreira
Resumo
A atividade laboral docente, principalmente em disciplinas de caráter prático, implica uma considerável carga física aos professores que, em consequência, pode resultar em desconfortos e disfunções de elevado risco à saúde ocupacional desse profissional. Considerando a modelagem uma das principais disciplinas práticas no contexto educacional de moda e vestuário, este estudo objetiva a análise ergonômica da atividade do trabalho docente em disciplinas de modelagem do vestuário, com ênfase na avaliação postural, a fim de recomendar melhorias ergonômicas que, possivelmente, favoreçam as estratégias didáticas de ensino-aprendizagem e previnam a prevalência de disfunções musculoesqueléticas. Como critério de investigação aplicada e exploratória, foi estipulada uma abordagem com delineamento descritivo, analítico e correlacional, com coletas de dados qualitativos e quantitativos, fundamentado a partir dos procedimentos metodológicos propostos pela Análise Ergonômica do Trabalho (AET) — que se estrutura a partir de três principais etapas de análise: demanda, tarefa e atividades. Os resultados obtidos demonstram a existência de inadequações ergonômicas, envolvendo essa atividade profissional, que prejudicam a saúde e satisfação dos professores, com a prevalência significativa de desconforto musculoesquelético, principalmente nas regiões corporais do pescoço/cervical, costas/coluna, perna/joelho e pé/calcanhar que, em combinação com as inadequações laboratoriais e didático-metodológicos encontradas, podem influenciar negativamente o fazer docente, implicando em prejuízos ao sistema educacional e pedagógico. Em conclusão, fica evidente a necessidade de reflexão e de investigação do fazer docente considerando a implementação factual de melhorias que possam aperfeiçoar a atividade laboral desse profissional.
Palavras-chave
Abstract
Work activity of teachers, especially in practical disciplines, involves a considerable physical burden which, therefore, can result in discomfort and dysfunction that poses a high risk to the professional's occupational health. Since pattern making is considered one of the main practical disciplines in the educational context of fashion and apparel, this study aims to analyze the ergonomics of teaching work in clothing pattern making disciplines, with an emphasis on postural assessment, to recommend ergonomic improvements that, possibly, favor didactic teaching-learning strategies and prevent the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders. As an applied and exploratory research criterion, an approach with a descriptive, analytical, and correlational design was stipulated, with qualitative and quantitative data collection, based on the methodological procedures proposed by the Ergonomic Work Analysis (EWA) — that has its structure based on three main analysis stages: demand, task, and activities. The results obtained show the existence of ergonomic inadequacies involving this professional activity, which harm the health and satisfaction of teachers, with a significant prevalence of musculoskeletal discomfort, mainly in the body regions of the neck/cervical, back/spine, leg/knee and foot/heel which, in combination with the laboratory and didactic-methodological inadequacies found, can negatively influence the teaching practice, resulting in losses to the educational and pedagogical system. In conclusion, the need for reflection and investigation into the teaching practice is evident, and factual implementation of improvements that can benefit this professional's work activity has to be considered.
Translated version DOI: https://doi.org/10.4322/rae.v18e202404.en
Keywords
References
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